To have a full insight on the criminal
profiling, let’s take a look at a criminal intelligence system which is a vital resource for crime control. It
enhances the effectiveness of an agency’s component law enforcement arms thus,
contributes to a more productive exchange of information among law enforcement
organizations. Strategic intelligence analysis serves a broad spectrum of crime
control needs both within and without the agency; internally in the areas of
planning, the allocation of resources, and the development of sound
law-enforcement strategies; and externally in responding to requests for crime
trend analysis.
A vital criminal intelligence
system involves compiling data that is used primarily to react to immediate
investigative needs. Bear in mind that lack of a fully developed strategic and
tactical intelligence capability seriously hinders the ability of a law
enforcement agency to accurately measure and prevent organized, serious crime
within its jurisdiction, or anticipate
crime threats that can significantly affect the jurisdiction from without.
The intelligence process
encompasses a series of interrelated functions which includes:
1. Planning the intelligence
effort, often involves the setting of priorities and specific requirements for collection of information;
2. Directing the intelligence
effort, usually by management, in accordance with agreed plans or guidelines;
3. Collecting pieces of
information from various sources;
4. Evaluating that information as
to its accuracy and usefulness;
5. Collating or systematically
organizing the information for storage and retrieval;
6. Analyzing the information to
determine its meaning in reference to a criminal investigation or assessment;
7. Disseminating or reporting the
findings of the analysis;
Criminal intelligence refers to
the holdings of information on known or suspected persons involved in criminal
activity or the conclusions resulting from the analysis of criminal data and
information collected on persons known or suspected of being involved in
criminal activity, whereas, tactical intelligence affords direct and immediate
support to investigative activity. This immediately usable information has been
quickly retrieved from manual files or computer databases and has not been
subjected to comprehensive analysis. Name checks, identifiers, criminal
histories, criminal associations, and street prices for drugs are typical items
of tactical intelligence. Strategic intelligence provides an overview of the
scope and character of criminal activity, contributing to the development of
effective strategies (e.g., prevention, containment, attrition, or
displacement) to reduce the harmful economic and social effects associated with
one or more categories of criminal activity.
Law enforcement agencies are
content with knowing the statistical probability of crimes happening based on
where and when these crimes have previously occurred. Statistics only allow
management to set goals for crime prevention. “Revictimization” (repeat crime)
studies illuminate the “hot spots” in the crime map. Through analysis of
reports, the crime intelligence analyst creates a profile of each known offender,
the offender’s MOs (style of entry, day of the week, time of day, choice of
goods to be burglarized, fencing outlets), his or her associates, and the associates’
MOs. For example, combining the mapping of burglary incidents with a knowledge
of suspects’ activities builds up a more meaningful analysis of burglars’ crime
patterns.
“(…)Intelligence is a
management tool. It is meant to facilitate planning, decision-making and policy
development. One of the best reasons for intelligence is that it serves to
systematically look ahead to develop a set of alternatives with which to meet unforeseen or
dimly lit future eventualities.(…)”
In dealing with hyper-sensitive
crime investigations, enforcement, intelligence, planning, evaluation — and,
indispensably, top management — are key players in reinforcing interaction. Top
management plays its traditional role of planning, goal setting, and policy
making, while day-to-day tactical decision making remains with field
enforcement managers. The aim of top management is to orchestrate the
enforcement effort in accordance with overall crime control strategy. Improving
responsibility for immobilization of designated targets is the touchstone of
success.
The
Police Department;
https://www.politie.nl/mijnbuurt/politiebureaus/05/burgwallen.html and
a Chief Inspector – Mr. Erik Akerboom
©
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